To address the challenges emerging in urban areas due to the growth of freight transportation, governments and local authorities have implemented a range of regulatory measures aimed at balancing the efficiency of freight operations with broader urban development goals. These measures, including emission regulations, delivery time restrictions, low-emission zones (LEZ), and smart logistics technologies, are transforming freight operations in urban environments. Additionally, they serve as incentives for couriers to invest in new technologies, conduct research, and upgrade to more sustainable fleets.